Postpartum Depression And Its Effects On Women - 1163 Words

Postpartum Depression According to two recent studies, 7-13% of all postpartum women suffer from depression. Even more alarming, the prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) in mothers who have pre-term infants rises to 30-40% according to a recent review (Robertson E, Grace S, Wallington T, Stewart DE., 2004; Schmied V, Johnson M, Naidoo N, et al., 2013). Mood and anxiety disorders, specifically PPD, are severe, yet common complications in women of reproductive age. Undertreated depression in postpartum women is associated with health risks for both the mother and infant, making the goal of euthymia a top priority in the care of postpartum women. Current practice regarding PPD focuses on the triad approach of early detection and prevention, the use of pharmacotherapy, and the use of psychotherapy. However, the treatment of mental illness during pregnancy requires weighing the benefits of pharmacological treatment for the mother, to the risk of the medications on the growth and deve lopment of the fetus as well as the theoretical risks associated with undertreated depression. However, many studies are showing that the risks of postpartum depression to both the mother and infant significantly outweigh the risks of pharmacological treatment during pregnancy. Also, due to the ethical issues surrounding trials of pharmacotherapy during pregnancy, further research to determine evidenced-based methods of treatment are still necessary. The most important intervention to date is aShow MoreRelatedPostpartum Depression And Its Effects On Women Essay1227 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to the CDC, current research shows that postpartum depression (PPD) is a complication that effects 1-8 women after they give birth. It is when the mother experiences depression after giving birth that is the result of hormone changes, adjustments to motherhood and fatigue. It is one of the most common diseases after the mother gives birth and is often underdiagnosed and overlooked. PPD can cause complication that not only affect the mother but also the baby by breaking the mother-infantRead MoreThe Effects Of Postpartum Depression On Women871 Words   |  4 Pagesnote in its definition that both men and women may experience this mental illness, its use of the words â€Å"some† and â€Å"people,† instead of women, can be seen as suggesting that both sexes are susceptible. The assertion that both men and women can experience postpartum depression is corroborated by a study done by Escribà  -Agà ¼ir and Artazcoz (2011). Despite the position of these two sources, Thurtle (1995) explicitly notes that diagnosis of postpartum depression should be â€Å"restricted to mothers with aRead MorePathophysiology And Effects Of Postpartum Depression1528 Words   |  7 Pagesand Rhetoric Professor Jaffe The Pathophysiology Effects of Postpartum Depression After childbirth, around 85% of women experience some sort of mood change. For most, the symptoms, following childbirth are minor and brief, otherwise known as the baby blues. Though, 10 to 15% of a woman’s baby blues manifests and develops into postpartum depression and in extreme circumstances, psychosis (Zonana, J., Gorman, J., 2005). Postpartum depression is a multifaceted phenomenon with various componentsRead MoreSleep Deprivation And Postpartum Depression918 Words   |  4 PagesSleep deprivation and postpartum depression are different diagnoses, however, they have similar symptoms and one can often cause onset of the other. The most typical occurrence that we see happening is sleep deprivation due to postpartum depression. The following paper will discuss the diagnoses and symptoms of both sleep deprivation and postpartum depression, as well as explain how postpartum depression can cause the onset of sleep deprivation, and vise versa. Postpartum depression is the most commonRead MorePostpartum Depression : Symptoms And Symptoms1134 Words   |  5 Pages Postpartum Depression Vanda Mallo Keiser University Postpartum Depression The birth of a baby can generate powerful emotions, from excitement and joy to fear and anxiety. But it can also result in something unexpected, depression. Postpartum depression affects approximately 10-15% of women and impairs mother-infant interactions that in turn are important for child development. Postpartum depression is sometimes mistaken for baby blues, but the signs and symptoms are more intenseRead MoreDepression And Postpartum Depression1720 Words   |  7 Pagesare all symptoms of postpartum depression. Postpartum depression is a severe mental disorder that some time will occur after giving birth or after being pregnant. According to research postpartum depression usually will occur within a year after giving birth. According to the Centers for Disease Control, 11 to 20% of women who give birth each year have postpartum depression symptoms. ). Although researchers have not been able to determine one main cause of postpartum depression, they have been ableRead MoreDep ression And Postpartum Depression1047 Words   |  5 PagesPostpartum Depression among Teenage Mothers Introduction Postpartum depression is a category of depression that can occur when a mother has a baby. The symptoms of postpartum depression are similar to the symptoms of major depression. Postpartum depression is often experienced during the first month that the baby is born (Bolyn 2017). Some women experience postpartum depression during pregnancy (Bolyn 2017). A few symptoms of postpartum depression are excessive crying, loss of appetite, feelingsRead MoreEffects Of Depression On High Income Countries1555 Words   |  7 PagesDepression, in general, affects more than 340 million people around the world and is reported to be the highest cause of disability in high-income countries (Demissie). 15% to 85% of mothers can experience postpartum â€Å"blues† with postpartum depression rates between 11.7% and 20.4% in the United States alone (Ersek). This depression can occur at anytime from post-delivery up to one year (Ersek). Giving birth comes with a wide variety of changes including physical, emotion and social. There are veryRead MoreInformative Speech961 Words   |  4 PagesInformative Outline Topic: â€Å"Postpartum Depression† General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: To inform the audience about Postpartum Depression Thesis: Postpartum depression is a mood disorder that can greatly effect new mothers. Knowing how to recognize their symptoms and treating it can greatly increase chances of a healthy, happy living. Attention Getter: Imagine a bright sunny morning, lite clouds low chances of rain which is a great example of a perfect day. You receive a call from someoneRead MorePostpartum Depression And Postpartum Psychosis1497 Words   |  6 PagesPostpartum Depression and Postpartum Psychosis are two different yet related disorders that have plagued women all over the world for centuries. Postpartum Depression is depression and/or anxiety after pregnancy, otherwise known as the â€Å"post baby blues.† Around fifteen percent of women experience Postpartum Depression, and the numbers are higher for teen pregnancies and for women who are pregnant and living below the poverty line. Postpartum Psychosis is rare and only occurs in one to two out of

Advantages Of Convergence Of Us Gaap And Ifrs Accounting Essay Example For Students

Advantages Of Convergence Of Us Gaap And Ifrs Accounting Essay The International Accounting Standards Boards and the Financial Accounting Standards Board are doing an attempt to meet US Generally Accepted Accounting Standards ( GAAP ) and International Financial Reporting Standards ( IFRS ) acceptable to bring forth a individual set of high-quality, compatible accounting criterions that perchance will be used for both national and international fiscal coverage which is recognized as The Norwalk Agreement . The convergence attempts have focused on harmonising standard scene and cut downing differences in accounting criterions. However due to certain Immigration and Naturalization Services and outs the convergence undertakings was non finished and have been delayed. The FASB and IASB restated that growing of a common set of high-quality planetary criterions leftovers a tactical significance of both FASB and IASB. FASB and IASB subsequently issued a Memorandum of Understanding ( MoU ) which was based on three rules, in developing MoU, the Board ag reed on precedences and established mileposts to finish major joint undertakings and short-run convergence undertakings as the work program. However, either the convergence of US GAAP and IFRS successful or non are based on the completion of the undertakings. The intent of this study is to turn to what convergence is, the background of the convergence, advantages and disadvantages of convergence, the rule-based versus principle-based statements, followed by the function of standard compositors, the planetary acceptance of IFRS and besides joint work undertakings of the convergence of US GAAP and IFRS, continued with the decision of the overall convergence of US GAAP and IFRS. Convergence OF US GAAP AND IFRS Memorandum of Understanding called The Norwalk Agreement was issued on October 2002, for the FASB and IASB to official their duties to the convergence of US GAAP and IFRS. The two boards use their efforts to organize their approaching work plans and guarantee to do their bing fiscal coverage criterions to the full companionable and one time achieved, compatibility is sustained. Compatible refers to two sets of criterions does non consist struggles and the bing criterion in US is more elaborate than IFRS. Furthermore with legion cross-indexs, links to other organic structures, links to scrutinizing and other professional literature is an incorporate organic structure for each set of criterions. Non-profit entities are the range of duty of FASB and concern entities concentrating on IASB. BACKGROUND OF CONVERGENCE OF US GAAP AND IFRS Investors have demand for international convergence because they want an first-class and comparable fiscal information which makes world-wide capital markets easier to do determination. Due to this, Financial Accounting Standards Board ( FASB ) and the International Accounting Standards Board ( IASB ) started working together in 2002 to unify the two accounting methods to convey By and large Accepted Accounting Principles ( GAAP ) towards compatibility thru International Financial Reporting Standards ( IFRS ) . The understanding was issued at the FASB s central office in Norwalk, Connecticut, and was documented in a Memorandum of Understanding titled The Norwalk Agreement . Harmonizing to the Norwalk Agreement, to better US GAAP and IFRS and exclude the differences between them through the joint attempts by the FASB and IASB, development of the convergence into a individual set of high-quality and compatible international accounting criterions required which can be used by both nati onal and international fiscal coverage. To accomplish towards convergence by 2008, the FASB and IASB issued a Memorandum of Understanding ( MoU ) in 2006 that describes the advancement hoped. In 2007, the Securities and Exchange Commision ( SEC ) eliminated the demand to include a rapprochement of IFRS to US GAAP in their fiscal statements for foreign companies who issue stock in the United States ( US ) . In 2008, SEC planned a Roadmap that the Boards should take to achieve a individual set of criterions to rush the convergence of US GAAP and IFRS. By 2015, this Roadmap planned to hold a completed undertaking but due to complications it has been delayed. The complication for the hold was because US GAAP uses rules-based attack for their accounting criterions which sets specific regulations to be followed to follow with the ordinances while the IFRS uses principle-based attack which has a few regulations and counsel on how to implement them. An ethical professional requires to stand for the rules for the fiscal statements reasonably and accurately. In 2009, FASB and IASB confirmed their committedness to convergence, to finish the major joint undertakings described in the MoU, and committed to do quarterly advancement studies on these major undertakings presented on their web sites. As a farther declaration of that committedness, by mid-2011 the Boards agreed a joint statement depicting their programs and milepost marks for accomplishing the end of finishing major MoU undertakings. In 2011, the FASB and IASB issued a half progress study on their work and decided to modify their joint work program to develop and accomplish convergence. The FASB and IASB spread a periodical articulation advancement study describes the modified work program and besides issued a half progress study on the position of their work to finish the MoU. The advancement study defines the Board s avowal of the significances and depict how the Board s adapted facets of their attacks for othe r undertakings to set them in the best place to finish the chief concern undertakings. In 2011, FASB and IASB described on their development toward accomplishment of the convergence work plan. The Boards were giving precedence to three staying undertakings on their MoU. The Boards besides agreed to widen the timetable for those priority undertakings beyond June 2011 to allow farther work and treatment with stakeholders in a mode consistent with an unfastened and comprehensive due procedure. important social issues EssayFiscal Accounting Standard Board ( FASB ) FASB is a autonomous, self-regulatory board that signifiers and construes by and large accepted accounting rules ( GAAP ) works underneath the rule that the economic system and the fiscal services industry grind swimmingly when dependable, brief, and strong fiscal information is accessible. FASB on occasion revises its guidelines to do certain constitutions are following its moralss. The organisations are invented to wholly account for different sorts of income, avoid unstable income from one period to another and suitably sort their gross. GLOBAL ADOPTION OF IFRS The execution of International Financial Reporting Standards ( IFRS ) has developed in answer to the demand to go towards planetary accounting criterions. IFRS is used in over 100 states as the major accounting criterions in the readying of external fiscal coverage. Standard compositors have three options in emerging convergence of criterions. The first option is opt for a FASB criterion, 2nd would be use an IFRS criterion and the 3rd option if both are unequal ; they may develop a wholly new regulation . In one instance, they convinced to meet on IFRS criterion to a US GAAP ( Discontinued operations ) criterion. After revising FASB, the standard compositors definite that FASB was the desirable criterion. As a effect, IASB allotted IAS which normally converged with FASB. In another instance, a US GAAP criterion converge to an IFRS criterion and the standard compositors definite that IFRS was superior to past US GAAP. In the 3rd instance, to come on a new criterion and method, stand ard compositors are working together. For illustration FASB and IFRS standard compositors were incapable to meet on the use of unexpected points. Agendas towards IFRS finding to be converged are more expected to implement an unassuming or principled based declaration. Therefore, many countries of accounting criterions persist to be involved and converged. Dimension of analyses including IFRS criterions every bit related to US GAAP, most of it are broad and rule based US criterions has solid supervisory and authorised desires and besides indispensable moralss. A more rigorous method to fiscal describing mandatary in the US as a result of the bing criterions atmosphere and enforcement and transmutations in execution will do fiscal statements seem farther changeless than they basically are in assorted states. JOINT WORK PROJECTS Outline1 undertaking2 Status3 Major articulation undertakings4 Undertaking5 Status undertaking Status Borrowing costs IASB reissued IAS 23A Borrowing CostsA in 2008 Discontinued operationsA ( IASB merely ) The IASB issued IFRS 5A Non-Current Assetss Held for Sale and Discontinued OperationsA in March 2004 Fair value option for fiscal instruments ( FASB merely ) Completed Government grants Work on this undertaking has been deferred Damage Work on this undertaking has been deferred Income revenue enhancements This undertaking is presently on clasp Investing belongingss The FASB is actively working on this undertaking Joint agreements IASB issued IFRS 11A Joint ArrangementsA in 2011 Research and development ( FASB merely ) Completed Section coverage IASB issued IFRS 8A Operating SegmentsA in 2008 Subsequent events ( FASB merely ) Major articulation undertakings Undertaking Status Business combinations Converged criterions issued in 2008 Conceptual Model This undertaking has been partly completed. Work on farther stages is presently on clasp Consolidation Converged criterions issued in 2011 Derecognition This undertaking is ongoing Fair value measuring Converged criterions issued in 2011 Fiscal instruments This is a high-priority undertaking of both boards and work is presently under manner This undertaking compromises a figure of undertakings, some completed and some under manner Fiscal statement presentation The comprehensive undertaking is presently on clasp. Some amendments to bing demands have been made in relation to the presentation of the statement of comprehensive income Insurance contracts This is a high-priority undertaking of both boards and work is presently under manner Intangible assets The IASB and FASB decided in 2007 non to add this undertaking to their joint docket Leases This is a high-priority undertaking of both boards and work is presently under manner Liabilitiess and equity This undertaking is presently on clasp Post-employment benefits Work on the comprehensive undertaking has been deferred Gross acknowledgment This is a high-priority undertaking of both boards and work is presently under manner Decision The universe of accounting is altering quickly. Many transnational companies have reached a degree where foreign gross revenues grosss exceed domestic grosss earned. Many remark letters sent to the SEC indicates that there are still have many differences between IFRS and US GAAP demand to be resolved. Accounting criterions are often updated so that they can continuously better. The overall decision is that it is both seasonably and necessary to meet and harmonise IFRS and US GAAP into a individual set of Global Accounting Standards which lead to a more stabilised and comfortable universe economic system and it will assist to decide many of the universes fiscal coverage jobs.